(See the box "What Happens When Data Is Deleted?" for more information.)Īt this point, chances for retrieving data are excellent. Instead, the data delete process involves making a change to the first character of a file name thereby causing the data to become invisible in the filesystem. No Overwrites, PleaseĪ basic rule about how data recovery tools work is that deleted data does not disappear completely in the same moment that the delete key gets pressed.
However, if the hard drive is no longer accessible, but is still visible from the BIOS, or if a partition or data within a partition have accidentally been deleted, then it is time to use the forensic tools TestDisk and PhotoRec. The Linux Smartmontools can process and interpret the data for signs pointing to wear and tear of the drive. One indicator that can be used to determine the health of a hard drive running under Linux is the hard drive monitoring software S.M.A.R.T. The SSD drives today are different they die quietly. They could then change out the drive before it became inaccessible. Users could therefore sometimes hear clacking noises when a hard drive was nearing the end of its life. Until a few years ago, all hard disks were mechanical. Damage to a hard disk has the habit of occurring quite unexpectedly once symptoms of mechanical fatigue appear. The latter two states occur more frequently than most users would expect. A common saying for hard drives is that they have just three states: empty, full, and damaged. Then, I let TestDisk and PhotoRec show what they could do. There are other versions available at the author's site which support DOS, Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, SunOS, and MacOS.To conduct this test, I destroyed a partition table and deleted about 600GB of data. PhotoRec ignores the filesystem and goes after the underlying data, so it will still work even if your media's filesystem has been severely damaged or re-formatted. PhotoRec is file data recovery software designed to recover lost files including video, documents, and archives from Hard Disks and CDRom and lost pictures (thus, its 'Photo Recovery' name) from digital camera memory. Those more familiar with such procedures should find TestDisk a handy tool in performing onsite recovery.
For those who know little or nothing about data recovery techniques, TestDisk can be used to collect detailed information about a non-booting drive which can then be sent to a tech for further analysis. TestDisk has features for both novices and experts. Partition table recovery using TestDisk is really easy. It was primarily designed to help recover lost partitions and/or make non-booting disks bootable again when these symptoms are caused by faulty software, certain types of viruses or human error (such as accidentally deleting your Partition Table). TestDisk is a powerful free and Open Source data recovery software.
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